The Clinical Manifestations of Acute Radiation Illness Produced in Goats by Exposure to an Atomic Bomb, Test ABLE, Bikini, 1946, with Comments on Therapy; Project NM 007 039, Report No. 10
Bethesda, Maryland: Naval Medical Research Institute, National Naval Medical Center, 8 March 1948. Presumed First Edition, First printing. Staple bound wraps. [4], 10, [1]. and 10 tables and 19 figures for a total of 44 pages, counting the covers. . References. Eugene P. Cronkite, MD, joined the Navy and served as a medical corps lieutenant in World War II and as a director of the Naval Medical Research Institute in Maryland. He later left the Navy and began to study the effects of nuclear fallout. Among his subsequent achievements, Dr. Cronkite identified links between radiation exposure and cancer, developed a new treatment for leukemia, and founded the International Society for Experimental Hematology. In 1971 he was elected president of ASH. The clinical manifestations of acute ionizing radiation illness in the goat [Greatest of All Test-subjects?] are described. The severity of the illness and the rate at which it progresses are functions of the amount of radiation received. The fully-developed illness consists of apathy, anorexia, diarrhea (often bloody), purpura, epilation, marked leukopenia, and a high mortality. However, many signs may be absent with overwhelming or sublethal radiation. The therapeutic use of penicillin and transfusions suggest that these agents may be of value. A substantial amount of specific data is presented in the tables and figures. Eugene P. Cronkite attended Stanford University, receiving his B.A. degree in 1936 and his M.D. degree in 1941. During World War II, he served as a lieutenant for the U.S. Navy’s Medical Corps. In 1946, he became head of the Naval Medical Research Institute’s Hematology Division. After directing a project that studied fallout in the Marshall Islands in 1954, Cronkite resigned from the U.S. Navy as commander of the Medical Corps. The following year, he accepted a position as senior physician and head of the Brookhaven National Laboratory’s Division of Experimental Pathology and as a hematologist for the lab’s Hospital of the Medical Research Center. He continued working at Brookhaven, becoming chairman of the Medical Department in 1967. The next year, Cronkite was appointed Professor of Medicine for the State University of New York at Stony Brook, as well as dean of Brookhaven’s Clinical Campus. He was associated with numerous scientific societies that included the American Federation of Clinical Research, the American Physiological Society, the American Society of Hematology (president in 1970), and the International Society for Experimental Hematology (president in 1977). Cronkite was the recipient of the Ludwig Heilmeyer Medal for Research in Internal Medicine and Hematology in 1974. Biologist Eugene P. Cronkite was the first scientist to recognize and document the links between cancer and exposure to sub-lethal levels of radiation. He directed a study on the effects of fallout from nuclear weapons testing on inhabitants of the Marshall Islands in 1954, and he described the likelihood of survival under varying degrees of radiation exposure and its effects on the central nervous system. He was the first to study radiation’s effects on bone marrow cells, leading to the implementation of extracorporeal radiation for leukemia treatment in 1965. Cronkite made advances in lymphopoiesis, immunity, and transplantation by studying the formation and functions of leukocytes, or white blood cells, in the immune system. He developed a method of growing human blood and blood-forming cells from bone marrow, outside of the body. This made it possible to grow cells from the blood of leukemia patients, which were used to test the effectiveness of drug therapies. He also initiated the construction of Brookhaven National Laboratory’s Center for Treatment of Acute Radiation Injury.
The Naval Medical Research Center (NMRC) is an agency that performs basic and applied biomedical research to meet the needs of the United States Navy and United States Marine Corps. Its areas of focus include study of infectious diseases, biodefense, military medicine, battlefield medicine, and bone marrow research. NMRC is under the United States Department of the Navy's Bureau of Medicine and Surgery. NMRC was originally the Naval Medical Research Institute, founded in 1942, and was located on the campus of the National Naval Medical Center in Bethesda, Maryland. Besides researching health and safety issues for shipboard environments, it was involved in early radiobiology research after the development of atomic weapons, astronaut training during the 1960s Space Race, as well as the establishment of the Navy Tissue Bank and the National Marrow Donor Program. The Navy Toxicology Unit, which had been founded in 1959 in response to air quality issues within USS Nautilus as well as toxicity concerns about replacements for flammable hydraulic fluids, was incorporated into NMRI in 1975 and moved the following year from Bethesda to Wright-Patterson Air Force Base in Dayton, Ohio so it could share resources with the Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory's Toxic Hazards Division. The unit later became the Environmental Health Effects Laboratory at Naval Medical Research Unit Dayton. In 1998, NMRI was reorganized into the Naval Medical Research Center and became an umbrella organization for several other subordinate commands elsewhere in the nation and abroad. Since 1999, it has been located in the Forest Glen Annex in Silver Spring, Maryland. The Forest Glen Annex was originally an annex of the Walter Reed Army Medical Center, but as a result of the Base Realignment and Closure process the facility was transferred to the command of Fort Detrick in 2008. NMRC occupies the Daniel K. Inouye Building, named for the late Senator Daniel Inouye, along with the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research.Nuclear Energy, Weapons and Materials. Condition: Good.
Keywords: Total Body Radiation, Atomic Warfare, Military Medicine, Radiation Sickness, Atomic Bomb, Test ABLE, Bikini Atoll, Animal Subjects, Animal Experimentation
[Book #87714]
Price: $125.00